国家开放大学：2007—2008学年第一学期“开放专科”软件开发与应用专业计算机专业英语期末试题（1月）.pdf

Ⅱ，Comprehension(阅读理解，40分) 得分评卷人 Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below,and change the form where necessary..(从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。15分，每空3分) high-level language assembly language written machine language notation A programming language,designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers,is a for describing computation in readable form.There are 3 levels of programming languages,they are which can be run directly by computer; and There are different high-level programming languages.Fortunately,most of them have many kinds of construct in common and vary only in the way that these must be Therefore,first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best suited for the job. Passage A Personal computer software is based on specific operating systems and machines.The famous PC operating systems are DOS,Windows,OS/2,Unix,Linux,Mac OS. DOS (Disk Operating System)was the most popular operating system for IBM and IBM-compatible 16 bit personal computers.DOS is no longer widely used because it has a number of limitations. Microsoft built Windows as an extension of the widely installed DOS operating system. Windows provides not only a graphical user interface(GUI),but also memory management and multitasking capabilities. Unix is an interactive,multi-user,multitasking operating system that is highly supportive of communications and networking.At present,Unix is primarily used for workstations,minicomputers,and server computers in multi-user environments. Linux is the free Unix.It has all of the features you would expect of a modern,fully fledged Unix:true multitasking,virtual memory,shared libraries,demand loading,shared, proper memory management and TCP/IP networking. Mac OS (Machintosh Operating System)supports multitasking and networking and has a highly praised graphical user interface.Multimedia capabilities of this operating system allow Macintosh users to integrate video clip,stereo sound,and animated sequences with conventional text and graphics software. 1483

H . Comprehension(阅读理解，40分 ) 得分评卷人中选择合适的词或表达一、Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, and change the form where necessary.(从下面方框以其适当的形式填空。15分，每空 3分) high-level language machine language assembly language w ritten n otatio n Aprogramming language，designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers, is a for describing computation in readable form. There are 3 levels of programming languages，they are ，which can be run directly by computer; and . There are different high-level programming languages. Fortunately, most of them have many kinds of construct in common and vary only in the way that these must be Therefore, first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best suited for the job. Passage A Personal computer software is based on specific operating systems and machines. The famous PC operating systems are DOS，Windows, OS/2，Unix, Linux, Mac OS. DOS (Disk Operating System)was the most popular operating system for IBM and IBM-compatible 16 bit personal computers. DOS is no longer widely used because it has a number of limitations. Microsoft built Windows as an extension of the widely installed DOS operating system. Windows provides not only a graphical user interface (GUI)，but also memory management and multitasking capabilities. Unix is an interactive。multi-user，multitasking operating system that is highly supportive of communications and networking. At present，Unix is primarily used for workstations，minicomputers，and server computers in multi-user environments. Linux is the free Unix. It has all of，he features you would expect of a modern, fully fledged Unix; tralC multitasking，virtual memory, shared libraries，demand loading，shared， proper merrory management arid TCI丫IP networking. Mac OS(Machintosh Operating System) supports multitasking and networking and has a highly praised graphical user interface. Multimedia capabilities of this operating system allow Macintosh users to integrate video clip，stereo sound，and animated sequences with conventional text and graphics software. 1483

得分评卷人二、Tell whether the following statements are true(T)or false(E)】 according to the passage A.(根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误。15分，每题3分) 1.Personal computer software is dependent on specific operating systems and machines. 2.DOS can only work with 32-bit microprocessor. 3.Windows is the 32-bit operating system with networking capability and Internet access. () 4.Unix is an interactive,multi-user,multitasking operating system. () 5.The Linux operating system is free.It is the modified version of Unix running on PCs. () Passage B A computer virus is a computer program that is created to make and spread copies of itself.The program may however also be designed to have other effects on the systems it infects,ranging from the annoying to the disastrous. Virus attacks are growing rapidly these days.According to BusinessWeek,the 76,404 attacks reported in the first half of 2003 nearly match previous year's total number.As new antivirus tools are more powerful than before,the virus writers are getting a lot smarter with newer and creative ways to attack network systems.Let's first examine some common virus types: Basic Virus-a piece of software code that is developed to attack computers and network systems via email or Internet connections.It quickly replicates itself and gradually attaches to files,programs or the hard drive. Trojan Horses-This is a program that doesn't replicate when entering a system but can be effectively used to open 'back doors.Trojan Horses allow hackers to take control over a particular system or to steal very important data. Worm-this type of virus is able to spread itself automatically over the network from one compuier to the next.During a worm attack,users'computers get infected without even having to click open email attachment or any program,etc. Since it is very difficult to avoid the virus,your best defense is a powerful antivirus program.In order to fight with such viruses,the software vendors should focus on making their products more robust.This may ask for a trade-off between user-friendliness and security.In specific cases it may require line-by-line inspection,code retooling and even systems automation to defend the installed programs. 1484

得分评卷人二、Tell whether the following according to the passage A. 误。15分，每题 3分) statements are true ( T)or false(E) (根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正 1. Personal computer software is dependent on specific operating systems and machines. ( ) 2. DOS can only work with 32-bit microprocessor. ( ) 3. Windows is the 32-bit operating system with networking capability and Internet access. ( ) 4. Unix is an interactive，multi-user, multitasking operating system. ( ) 5. The Linux operating system is free. It is the modified version of Unix running on PCs. ( ) Passage B Acomputer virus is a computer program that is created to make and spread copies of itself. The program may however also be designed to have other effects on the systems it infects，ranging from the annoying to the disastrous. Virus attacks are growing rapidly these days. According to BusinessWeek，the 76，404 attacks reported in the first half of 2003 nearly match previous year's total number.As new antivirus tools are more powerful than before, the virus writers are getting a lot smarter with newer and creative ways to attack network systems. Let’s first examine some. common virus types: Basic Virus一a piece of software code that is developed to attack computers and network systems via email or Internet connections. It quickly replicates itself and gradually attaches to files，programs or the hard drive. Trojan Horsc、一Flits is a program that doesn’t replicate when entering a system but can be effectively used to open‘back doors.’Trojan Horses allow hackers to take control over a particular system or to steal very important data. Worm一this type of virus is able to spread itself automatically over the network from one commuter to the next. During a worm attack，risers’computers get infected without even having to click open email attachment or any program, etc. Since it is very difficul曰()avoid the virus，your best program. In order to their products more security. In specific fight robust with such viruses。the software defense is a powerful antivirus vendors should focus on making hhis may ask for a trad(-off between user friendliness and cases it may systerns autoination、。defend the 1484 require lin。一by [in(., inspection，code retooling and installed programs. e V e r1